Photography As A Pioneer For The Digital Image - 1562 Words

The Digital Image is relatively new in the large scheme of things, with the advancement of technology also came the evolution of this medium. The first instance of digital imaging came with the invention of the camera. Photography as we know it today is usually considered to have begun in 1839 when Louis-Jacques-Mande Daguerre released the Daguerreotype image. Photography would remain from this point a relatively expensive and crude medium that would slowly progress through the years. In 1877 Eadweard Muybridge created a fast shutter that was capable of capturing motion. This in itself was iconic and Eadweard would later be considered a pioneer for the digital image due to his work on locomotion (famously the galloping horse). Photography†¦show more content†¦Expressive type is essentially a method of design where text is used to create some kind of image. As shown in the references, there is a finished piece of work for this task, the poster uses type to create the characte r Tyrion from the TV show Game of Thrones. The type in the poster is actually a quote from the character and is formed in a way to shape the characters stance from an iconic moment for him. The development of this poster involved using a previously created illustration of the character and mixing it with typography. The original image was placed into the Adobe Illustrator software as it provided a lot of tools for type. The text was then written out and reshaped to form the body of the character. The typeface was selected carefully as it was meant to match the minimalistic style of the previous illustration, therefore the typeface was sans serif. After this part of the development was complete, the image was moved into Photoshop where the colour from the image would be given to the text. A few basic finishing touches were given by adding blocks of colour near certain letters to help bring the shape of the character out. Every typeface we see, be it a street sign or a billboard has likely been carefully planned out to provoke certain thoughts and feelings into the reader. Before looking into the design side of typography it is important to understand the history. Way back in the 1400’s the standard was handwritten type, this was obviously very timeShow MoreRelatedThe History Of The Cameras Essay1073 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Camera†: chamber or room ï‚ · â€Å"Obscura†: darkened ï‚ · Camera Obscura is also referred to as pinhole image ï‚ · When an image of a scene at the other side of a screen (or for instance a wall) is projected through a small hole in that screen as a reversed and inverted image on a surface opposite to the opening ï‚ · The surroundings of the projected image have to be relatively dark in order for the image to be clear ï‚ · Many historical camera obscura experiments were performed in dark rooms ï‚ · The termRead MoreApril Greiman Essay1112 Words   |  5 Pagesexplore the aesthetics of a computerized world, the art of digital design and visual communication. 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Book Report On The Book I Crazy - 892 Words

If you d like to connect with an entire community of writers, see the photo accompanying this column, and, possibly, win a paperback book, you ll want to read this column on my blog. I have a neighbour who often drove her three kids to school. I’m too polite to have told her off for this, but they lived a 10-minute walk from both grade school and high school. What was she thinking? This kind of attitude — as well as the one that sees city officials failing to put sidewalks on all of their streets — makes me crazy. Walking is one of the best things we can do. This advice is particularly true for writers. Why? Because in order to write, we need to think, first. And thinking at our desks — instead of out in fresh air, while we’re moving our bodies — is almost always a spectacularly bad idea. When we sit, our brains become leaden. But when we walk, our hearts pump faster and our brains and other organs get more blood and oxygen. Scientists have shown this helps our memories work better and improves our attention. The gentle exercise of walking also leads to new connections between brain cells, holding at bay the usual decline of brain tissue that comes with age. Even as my hair turns grey, I’m glad to know that I don’t have to listen to contemporary music to keep my brain younger. Furthermore, walking also has a positive impact on creativity. In 2014, researchers from Stanford published a set of studies designed to measure the way walking changes creativity. When didShow MoreRelatedIs Salingers The Catcher in the Rye a Trigger for Murder?767 Words   |  3 Pagespublished, in 1951 by Jerome David Salinger. Many schools have since banned the book due to the inappropriate language, and the volger behavior that is pushed throughout the book. 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Cerelac Essay Example For Students

Cerelac Essay SYNOPSIS This is a semester project (Research Report) regarding a baby food product named Cerelac of Nestle. It starts with an introduction about Nestle followed by the history of Nestle. It gives a briefing about all the brands of Nestle. This report also includes the marketing mix of the product. All the 4P’s of marketing mix for the product has been discussed and explained to reveal the significance of its product, pricing, placing and promotional activities. BCG matrix has also been included in this report to know about the current standing of brand in local culture. Segmentation and target marketing will help to understand the criteria of Nestle marketing for the specific product. In the end, there are some recommendations for the company to enhance their profitably according to our research. After that, report has been concluded. INTRODUCTION Today, Nestle is the world leading Food Company. Nestle headquarters is in Switzerland. Its international RD network supports the products made in more than 500 factories in 86 countries. The Nestle factories are operating in the region of: †¢Africa †¢America †¢Asia †¢Europe Oceania Being a company dedicated to food from the beginning, Nestle remains sensitive to culinary and eating habits, and responds to specific nutritional problems, whilst also setting and matching new trends such as growing out-of-home consumption and caring about the well being of its consumers. Meaning Of Nestle Henri Nestle endowed his company with the symbol derived from his name. His family coat of arms, the n est with a mother bird protecting her young, became the Companys logo and a symbol of the Companys care and attitude to life-long nutrition. The Nestle nest represents the nourishment, security and sense of family that are so essential to life. BRIEF HISTORY OF NESTLE 1866 -1905 In the 1860s Henri Nestle, a pharmacist, developed a food for babies who were unable to breastfeed. His first success was a premature infant who could not tolerate his mothers milk or any of the usual substitutes. People quickly recognized the value of the new product, after Nestles new formula saved the childs life, and soon, Farine Lactee Henri Nestle was being sold in much of Europe. 905 1918 In 1905 Nestle merged with the Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company. By the early 1900s, the company was operating factories in the United States, Britain, Germany and Spain. World War I created new demand for dairy products in the form of government contracts. By the end of the war, Nestles production had more than doubled. 1918 1938 After the war Government contracts dried up and consumers switched back to fresh milk. However, Nestles management responde d quickly, streamlining operations and reducing debt. The 1920s saw Nestles first expansion into new products, with chocolate the Companys second most important activity 1938 1944 Nestle felt the effects of World War II immediately. Profits dropped from $20 million in 1938 to $6 million in 1939. Factories were established in developing countries, particularly Latin America. Ironically, the war helped with the introduction of the Companys newest product, Nescafe, which was a staple drink of the US military. Nestles production and sales rose in the wartime economy. 1944 1975 The end of World War II was the beginning of a dynamic phase for Nestle. Growth accelerated and companies were acquired. In 1947 came the merger with Magi seasonings and soups. Crosse Blackwell followed in 1950, as did Findus (1963), Libbys (1971) and Stouffers (1973). Diversification came with a shareholding in LOreal in 1974. 1975 1981 Nestles growth in the developing world partially offset a slowdown in the Companys traditional markets. Nestle made its second venture outside the food industry by acquiring Alcon Laboratories Inc. 1981 1996 Nestle divested a number of businesses1980 / 1984. In 1984, Nestles improved bottom line allowed the Company to launch a new round of acquisitions, the most important being American food giant Carnation. 1996 + The first half of the 1990s proved to be favorable for Nestle: trade barriers crumbled and world markets developed into more or less integrated trading areas. Since 1996 there have been acquisitions including San Pellegrino (1997), Spillers Pet foods (1998) and Ralston Purina (2002). There were two major acquisitions in North America, both in 2002: in July, Nestle merged its U. S. ice cream business into Dreyers, and in August, a USD 2. 6bn acquisition was announced of Chef America, Inc. Mission Statement â€Å"Nestle is dedicated to providing the best foods to people throughout their day, throughout their lives, throughout the world. With our unique experience of anticipating consumers needs and creating solutions, Nestle contributes to your well-being and enhances your quality of life. † MARKETING MIX (Cerelac) PRODUCT â€Å"Product stands for goods and services that the company offers to target market. † Cerelac is a brand of cereal made by Nestle. It is marketed as a snack for the whole family but is popular for infants. Sizes CERELAC is available in three sizes: 350g 175g box packaging and a 25g sachet packaging for your convenience. Shape and color The shape and the color of the Cerelac are quite attractive for the customers. Labeling and packaging The labeling, packaging includes the Nestle brand and logo. The packaging includes an expiry date and time along with a manufacture date. Second part of labeling includes the quantity of product in grams along with ingredients and contents. Competitive advantage NESTLE Cerelac is the only popular and quality baby food in Pakistan, Its unique Stay Fresh seal and a long lasting shelf life gives the brand a formidable competitive advantage. Not only it is easy to make but also it is completely made considering the digest system and requirement for infants on different stages of age. The factors that make Cerelac successful is quality and superior nutritional value PRICE â€Å"The amount of money charged for a product or service, or sums of the values that consumers exchange for the benefits of having or using the product or services. † Price of product Nestle Cerelac sets prices of their products according to the market demand as low as possible because Nestle is the trend setter in the market. Profit margin The profit margin is usually high because of the high quality of the product. Stability of the price Its prices generally trend to fluctuate according to the changes in required ingredients. Scale of prices The price of Cerelac is fixed on a reasonable scale so that majority of public can afford. Effect of competitors on prices Nestle Cerelac has no effect on prices by their competitors because they set their own. Price discounts On special occasions and festivals, Nestle Cerelac keeps giving different kind of price discounts. Price refund policy Nestle Cerelac never returns the paid money back. If the claim is valid then they can replace the product. PLACE â€Å"Placing stands for companys activities that make the product available to the target consumer. † Outlets of product located Nestle Cerelac is available / distributed all over in Pakistan regardless of big and small cities. Direct sales Nestle Cerelac is not sold directly to the customers because of the extensive consumer groups. It is the reason they sale the product through distributors for easiness of company. Warehousing facilitation Nestle Cerelac has its own warehouses for the storage of products as well as it has also hired some warehouses. Transportation modes Usually Nestle’s mode of transportation is road which is also used for Cerelac. PROMOTION â€Å"Advertising is any paid form of non-personal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods and services through mass media such as newspapers, magazines, television or radio by an identified sponsor. † Channels adopted for promotion The First Battle of Manassas EssayMothers are very conscious about their children’s health and they prefer to use products that help them maintain good health. Income level This is also an important variable on which segmentation can be carried out. People belonging to the lower income groups cannot afford to buy readymade baby foods so Nestle will target that segment whose income puts them in the upper middle and higher income groups. Social stratification Buyers are divided into different groups based on social class and life style. Many consumers live a simple life style and belong to lower class; they don’t spend on buying artificial food for their children and people belong to middle class or upper class can definitely opt for this. Psychographic segmentation â€Å"Psychographic segmentation is a sense of using psychology and demography to better understand consumers. † Class consciousness Nestle Cerelac has also segmented the specific class of mothers who doesn’t want to give breastfeed to their children so Cerelac is the most preferable and best nourishing food for infants as proxy of chest food. Level of education Nestle Cerelac makes promotional strategies keeping in view the customer’s level of education. If the percentage of education is high in a country then through advertisements people can be made well aware of their product and can convey their message easily. Promotion and education has a direct relationship. Behavioral segmentation â€Å"In behavioral segmentation, marketers divide buyers into groups on the basis of their knowledge of attitude towards, use of, or response to a product. † Benefits Buyers are classified according to the benefits they seek. Nestle Cerelac has launched different flavors and types of cereals according to the benefits are required by children of different stages of early age. TARGET MARKET â€Å"Target market is a particular market segment at which a marketing campaign is focused. † Nestle Cerelac’s primary target market is infant of 0-5 age and the secondary target market is the mothers. The only first P(product) of the marketing mix is designed by keeping in mind the requirement of infants on the other hand rest of the three P’s (Price ,place and promotion) and to some extent the PRODUCT too are designed by focusing on the mothers’ preferences. Target market’s profile Geographic DispersionUrban Suburban Family life CycleFull nest – I Single parents Social StratificationUpper – upper class Lower – upper class Upper – middle class Age SegmentsInfants (0 – 5) Mothers (18 – 45) IncomeAverage Above Average (50K to 100K Per month) BRANDING â€Å"Brand is the single idea of consumer’s mind. † Or â€Å"Set of promises is called brand. † Or â€Å"A brand is name, term, sign, symbol or design, or combination of them, intended to identify the goods or services of one seller to differentiate them from those of competition. Brand building strategy Brand development strategy of Cerelac has been far reaching and has managed to remain in the limelight ever since it became a favorite with their nutritious ingredients for infants. The brand development strategy of Cerelac comprised redesigning of its brand development policies and techniques to keep up with the changing m indset and requirements of its consumers. Brand image â€Å"Impression in the consumers minds of a brands total personality (real and imaginary qualities and shortcomings). † Almost all of the mothers must know the name of Nestle Cerelac, since it is a leading name in infant’s food that’s why Cerelac has created a strong brand image. Millions of mothers around the world consider Nestle Cerelac as the best food for their children. Brand image is the significant factor affecting Cerelac’s sale. Cerelac brand name is very well known all over the world Brand personality â€Å"Brand personality is the way a brand speaks and behaves means assigning human personality traits to a brand so as to achieve differentiation. Cerelac’s brand personality reflects the positioning of its brand. When researching the positioning of a product, consumers are often asked how they would describe that product if it were a person. This can ensure that consumers have a clear view of the brand values that make up the brand personality, just like the values and beliefs that make up a person. Many people see Cerelac as a mother because it takes care of chi ldren and understand their requirement same as mother it is also shown by the new slogan of Cerelac is: BEROONI TAHAFFUZ DEN AAP OR ANDROONI TAHAFFUZ CERELAC Brand differentiation strategies Nestle Cerelac is known as an only infant’s food in Pakistan; the Company has differentiated its brand in number of way as Performance quality â€Å"Performance quality is the level at which the product’s primary characteristics operate. † The company has put great effort to maintain the quality level of the brand which is the main factor of Nestle’s success. Conformance quality â€Å"Conformance quality is the degree which gives the assurance of quality of the brand. † Nestle Pakistan has been declared an ISO 22000 company in recognition of its continuing excellence in quality and food safety, ISO certification gives high level of conformance to the quality of all Nestle’s brands including Cerelac. Features â€Å"Features show the different characteristics which supplement their basic function. † Nestle Cerelac doesn’t only focus on providing the basic nourishing food for the infants but the main factor of its popularity is that that it keeps adding different features in their product according to the changes and requirement which supplement the product LABELING PACKAGING â€Å"Packaging consists of all activities of designing and producing the container for a product. † â€Å"Labeling is a display of information about a product on its container, packaging or on the product itself. † Container Nestle sachets are made of aluminum foil packing and boxes are packaged by tin packs to give the product a long lasting shelf life. Brand and logo The labeling, packaging includes the Nestle brand name and logo which is enough to attract the customer. Brand Character A blue colored teddy bear as a brand character is also tagged on the container of Nestle Cerelac. Dates The packaging includes an expiry date and time along with a manufacture date. Quantity Second part of labeling includes the quantity of product in grams. Ingredients Ingredients are also placed on the packaging for the convenience of consumer to trust the product. RECOMMENDATIONS †¢Keep maintaining the quality as a competitive edge. †¢Increase advertising show your competitive edge. †¢Increase loyalty of customer with brand through attractive packages and extra features. †¢Try to target lower class too. †¢Increase its distribution network. †¢Give keen interest to CRM †¢Increase incentives promotional activities Training courses / workshops for team †¢Conduct training sessions of salesmen at least once a month at regional level. CONCLUSION According to data analysis people do not believe that competitors of Nestle are shrinking its share because: †¢Nestle Cerelac has strong brand image on the basis of quality. †¢Nestle Cerelac always segments the exact customers. †¢Care pharmacy doesn’t not believe that till now any of †¢Competitors of Nestle Cerelac are successful to compete on the basis of quality †¢Nestle Cerelac has positioned among people as health provider brand for infants.

Report on the prophet and the dandy

â€Å"The Prophet and the Dandy† observes two theories. The theories concern philosophy as a way of life. This means that philosophy is practiced in real life by the believer of the philosophy. Several philosophers viewed philosophy from different perspectives. In the analysis of the prophet and the dandy, two philosophers are considered. Nietzsche and Foucault are considered as philosophers who viewed philosophy as a way of life rather than pure theory. Several differences are observed in the lives and perspectives of the philosophers.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Report on the prophet and the dandy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Nietzsche lived in the nineteenth century while Foucault lived in the twentieth century. The philosophy of the prophet, which is much associated with Nietzsche advocates for a life where one is conscious of afterlife. This means that one lives with a consideration of what mi ght happen in afterlife. This philosophy dictates that there is a life after every period of life, such that life is a recurring cycle possibly with some difference in every cycle. In addition, the prophet’s philosophy observes that the present life could have a profound effect in the afterlife. In this essence life has a certain norms and logic that should be observed for one to get the most out of life. Thus Nietzsche considered himself a prophet, and his philosophy a prophecy that is bound to happen sometime later in a person’s life. Nietzsche said that there is no single God but there are many gods. He further explained that every living person has the nature of eternal recurrence in himself or herself. In this regard, one must have some conscience of eternal existence while going about life. However, Nietzsche does not advocate for conformity to the existing social structure. The societal norms and the social structure represent tyranny according to him. For examp le, he faulted the divinity in which most religions are based on. Such divinity as proposed by Christianity suppresses freedom beyond reasonable level. Thus, although there is need to observe some philosophical guidance while living, it is not productive to observe norms such as those laid down by religion and the society. In addition, the divinity that is insinuated by Nietzsche’s philosophy is far much more than the concept of spiritualism of good and evil. On the other hand, Foucault observed philosophy as a way of life in a more liberal manner. He did not believe in afterlife or existence of supernatural power. In this essence, he advocated for a life where one is aware that there is no other life other than the present. In that case all actions in life are not bound by any rules or norms. For Foucault there is no particular war of going about life. One should optimize the freedom that there is to the extreme scale.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's s ee if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The philosophy put forward by Foucault disputed the presence of any morals at all. According to his philosophy, morals are a false creation and an impediment to realising a better way of living. This makes the philosopher earn the name â€Å"dandy.† The article observes that sages of ancient times such as Neogenes practised their freedom to the extreme. They did not observe any morals that seemed to impede on their freedom. Similarly, to Foucault, there are no morals because the essence of the correct practices is relative and depends on each individual. Good and evil do not exist according to Foucault and everything depends on the immediate environment. This essay on Report on the prophet and the dandy was written and submitted by user Amanda Mcgee to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Under Population

Under Population Free Online Research Papers The effect of under population in the world is causing lack of people to replace those who die or retire with inability to continue working. Just done in the U.S. Census 83 countries and territories are now thought to experience below-replacement fertility. This basically means they won’t be able to replace the people who are dying or no longer able to work, these places take up roughly 44% of the world’s total population. Due to several causes in our current world we are experiencing low mortality rates. Currently several countries are having lower life expectancy that they did not have 40 years ago. Though many countries are experiencing a time of peace there is a large HIV-AIDS epidemic going on in about 1/6th of the world. These low mortality rates are causing issues with proper population in these countries. Another cause of under population is the legalization of Abortion. Reports have shown since the legalization of Abortions that since they were legalized Europe as well as 15 countries by 2002 is reporting rates of 1.3 children per woman or below. A rate of 2.1 is needed to maintain a population. The reports where this is the largest issue is found in Europe where abortions are used as a method of birth control. This issue is also begun to appear due to women waiting till later to have children. Instead of starting to have children in their early 20’s many women are waiting till 30 or later to have their first child. This is causing people to have smaller families as well. The average family is going from a 2-4 children per family to a 1-2. In some cases the women lose fertility and are unable then to have children at all as well. There is report’s that many nations are not offering enough maternity leave in terms of length and money being paid out to the women during it. This has caused some women to put off having children till later in their careers. This comes into play once again the older the woman gets the less fertile she becomes. This also causes the women to lose desire to have more than one maybe two children. Some nations have begun to address this issue by offering more maternity leave benefits and/or reward larger families in other ways. None of these countries appear to be considering revising their abortion laws in attempt to overcome this issue of under population. If Europe does not get a stronghold on this issue they could be looking at a lack of 20 million workers in 2030 compared to what they have in their current work force today. Now this can be counter acted if they were able to increase their immigration. But it would need to at least quadruple to an average of almost 4 million net entrants a year just to prevent a decline in the size of people ages 15 – 64 years old, considered the working age over the next 50 years. Soon coming as well is the large amount of people coming to retirement age within China as well. They also in some means of want to control the population within their country have cut down on how many children people are allowed. By doing this they have caused themselves issues in the fact that the work force in large abundance is reaching retirement age within their country. Without sufficient people to support those retiring I think we are going to see a huge economic crash within their workforce and communities. The real cause of under population is all speculative. Only real hard facts are that we are not producing as many children as there are people within the world. Disease, accidents, and old age are all factors to be counted in. But overall people are dying at a much higher rate than producing and if we continue down this path we won’t have the people to make up for the work force that is retiring and dying off. One thing we don’t seem to keep in mind is that even though the advances within medicine are much better today than they were 50 years ago some reason our mortality rate is much lower today than back then. I think people don’t seem to notice the changes due to the fact we are living in a more peaceful era than most of our ancestors in the last decade. In the last 30 years we have not had any world changing wars. That left millions dead and millions more homeless or handicapped for life. But still we are not reproducing at an upward rate. The cause like I said has many factors and not one can be pointed at directly. Well all of these need to be addressed we need to main address the fact that if we do not change our ways of life in the next 50 years our world will not be able to support itself. In conclusion my feeling is that we need to give women more incentive to want to reproduce and have families. We have built our world around a working family. 60 years ago the typical family was the man worked and the woman raised the kids. Today you look at our society and it says that the man and woman should both work. I feel this is the biggest factor that comes into play. It is causing women to wait longer to have children and end up having less if none. All my information from the census and numbers was from the website abortiontv.com/Lies%20%20Myths/underpopulation.htm Research Papers on Under PopulationPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesThe Effects of Illegal Immigration19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenPETSTEL analysis of IndiaDefinition of Export QuotasResearch Process Part OneRelationship between Media Coverage and Social and

18 Types of Spanish Verbs

18 Types of Spanish Verbs There may be as many ways of classifying Spanish verbs as there are people doing it, but discovering how Spanish treats different verbs differently is nevertheless a key part of learning the language. Heres one way of looking at the types of verbs, keeping in mind, of course, that verbs can fit into more than one classification. 1. Infinitives Infinitives are verbs in their most basic form, the way you find them listed in dictionaries. Infinitives by themselves tell you nothing about who or what is performing a verbs action or when. Spanish infinitives- examples include hablar (to speak), cantar (to sing), and vivir (to live)- are the rough equivalent of the to form of English verbs and sometimes of the -ing form. Spanish infinitives can function as verbs or nouns. 2, 3, and 4. -Ar, -Er, and -Ir Verbs Every verb fits into one of these types based on the last two letters of its infinitive. In Spanish there is no verb that ends in anything other than one of these three two-letter combinations. Even verbs that are made up or imported such as surfear (to surf) and snowboardear (to snowboard) require one of these endings. The distinction among types is that they are conjugated based on the ending. 5 and 6. Regular and Irregular Verbs The vast majority of -ar verbs are conjugated in the same way, and the same is true for the other two ending types. These are known as regular verbs. Unfortunately for Spanish students, the more used a verb is, the more likely it is not to follow the regular pattern, being irregular. 7 and 8. Defective and Impersonal Verbs The term defective verb is usually used to refer to a verb that isnt conjugated in all its forms. In traditional Spanish, for example, abolir (to abolish) has an incomplete conjugation set. Also, soler (to usually do something) doesnt exist in all tenses. Most defective verbs are also impersonal verbs, meaning that their action isnt performed by a distinct person or thing. The most common such are the weather  verbs such as llover (to rain) and nevar (to snow). Since theres no logical reason to use forms that mean something like we rain or they snow, such forms dont exist in standard Spanish. 9 and 10. Transitive and Intransitive Verbs The distinction between transitive and intransitive verbs is important enough to Spanish grammar that the classification is given in most Spanish dictionaries- vt or vtr for verbos transitivos and vi for verbos intransitivos. Transitive verbs require an object to make a complete sentence, while intransitive verbs do not. For example, levantar (to lift or raise) is transitive; it must be used with a word that indicates what is lifted. (In Levantà ³ la mano for He raised his hand, mano or hand is the object.) An example of an intransitive verb is roncar (to snore). It cannot take an object. Some verbs can be transitive or intransitive depending on the context. Most of the time, for example, dormir is intransitive, as is its English equivalent, to sleep. However, dormir, unlike to sleep, can also mean to put someone to sleep, in which case it is transitive. 11. Reflexive or Reciprocal Verbs A reflexive verb is a type of transitive verb in which the verbs object is also the person or thing performing the action of the verb. For example, if I put myself to sleep, I could say, Me durmà ­, where durmà ­ means I put to sleep and me means myself. Many verbs that are used in a reflexive way are listed in dictionaries by adding -se to the infinitive, creating entries such as dormirse (to fall asleep) and encontrarse (to find oneself). Reciprocal verbs take the same form as reflexive verbs, but they indicate that two or more subjects are interacting with each other. Example: Se golpearon uno al otro. (They beat up on each other.) 12. Copulative Verbs A copulative or linking verb is a type of intransitive verb that is used to connect the subject of a sentence with a word that describes it or says what it is. For example, the es in La nià ±a es guatemalteca (The girl is Guatemalan) is a linking verb. The most common Spanish linking verbs are ser (to be), estar (to be), and parecer (to seem).  Verbs that arent copulative are known in Spanish as verbos predicativos. 13. Past Participles A past participle is a type of participle that can be used to form the perfect tenses. Most past participles end in -ado or -ido. As in English, past participles can also usually be used as adjectives. For example, the past participle quemado , from the verb quemar, meaning to burn, helps form the present perfect tense in He quemado el pan (I have burnt the bread) but is an adjective in No me gusta el pan quemado (I dont like burnt bread). Past participles can vary in number and gender like other adjectives. 14. Gerunds Present adverbial participles, often known as gerunds, end in -ando or -endo as the rough equivalent of English -ing verb forms. They can combine with forms of estar to make progressive verb forms: Estoy viendo la luz. (I am seeing the light.) Unlike other types of participles, Spanish gerunds can also function much like adverbs. For example, in Corrà © viendo todo (I ran while seeing everything), viendo describes how the running occurred. 15. Auxiliary Verbs Auxiliary or helping verbs are used with another verb to give it vital meaning, such as a tense. A common example is haber (to have), which is used with a past participle to form a perfect tense. For example, in He comido (I have eaten), the he form of haber is an auxiliary verb. Another common auxiliary is estar as in Estoy comiendo (I am eating). 16. Action Verbs As their name suggests, action verbs tell us what someone or something is doing. The vast majority of verbs are action verbs, as they include the verbs that arent auxiliary verbs or linking verbs. 17 and 18. Simple and Compound Verbs Simple verbs consist of a single word. Compound or complex verbs use one or two auxiliary verbs and a main verb and include the perfect and progressive forms mentioned above. Example of compound verb forms include habà ­a ido (he has gone), estaban estudiando (they were studying), and habrà ­a estado buscando (she will have been seeking). 10, 20, and 21. Indicative, Subjunctive, and Imperative Verbs These three forms, known collectively as referring to a verbs mood, indicate the speakers perception of a verbs action. Simply put, indicative verbs are used for matters of fact; subjunctive verbs often are used to refer to actions that the speaker desires, doubts or has an emotional reaction to; and imperative verbs are commands.

Journal article summary Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Journal article summary - Research Paper Example the Limits of Multiculturalism in the Context of Globalization† from the International Journal of Communication published in 2012, she addresses cultural inequalities through exploring the limits of multiculturalism, arguing that multiculturalism is nation-bound in the Western Anglo American cultures (Shome, 2012). The article focuses on cultural identity as the primary concept that provides materials and information for discussions of multiculturalism and race. Shome explores western liberalism, transnationalism, and the concern whether multiculturalism is a signifier of modernity and exceptionalism. Shome goes at length in highlighting her points, providing relevant evidence and examples where appropriate. The article notes that multiculturalism provides a cultural basis and framework for securing and enhancing cultural inclusion of minorities and marginalized groups. Shome highlights the rare temporal and geopolitical assumptions by the US and UK government on multiculturalism (Shome, 2012). Shome concludes the article by noting the need to rethink the concepts in struggles and tensions in non-western modernities and transnationalism. She urges scholars in the communication studies to unsettle and shift epistemic vocabularies and temporalities that they engage in cultural and culture relation. From a personal perspective, she comes out strong with her opinion, and her arguments are solid. John Durham Peters is a professor (A. Craig Baird) for communication studies at University of Iowa and an American academic. His interests are in cultural history, media, communication and social theory, and legally, philosophically, technologically, and religiously understanding communication. He tutors at both undergraduates and graduate levels in classes like communication studies and media, society, critical theory, pragmatism, and transnational media among others. Peters has numerous articles and books, including â€Å"Space, Time, and Communication Theory† published

Resolving democratic deficiencies in British parliament Essay

Resolving democratic deficiencies in British parliament - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that undeniably, many countries have adopted the British parliamentary system of government and modified it over time to suit their needs. British parliament system is a supreme legislative body with crown dependencies and located in Westminster in London. Queen Elizabeth, the British monarch is the sovereign head and the chief of state of the United Kingdom. The parliament has legislative supremacy and hence ultimate power over all political bodies in the UK. In addition, the parliament has two divisions including the upper house or the house of lords and the lower house or the house of the Commons. The House of Commons includes government ministers, elected to the chambers every five years in accordance with the constitution. The Monarch chooses the prime minister who works together with the government through accounting to the parliament and public on the usage of public finances. British parliament suffers from serious democratic defici encies partly because of its organization. In normal circumstances, a parliament as an institution of democracy needs to embrace a government that works towards fulfilling people’s expectations and solving problems they encounter in their daily lives. In this regard, it is important that the people they represent from diverse communities elect members of the parliament. Failure to this causes bias since parliamentary members will act in favor of a small group with personal interests.... What is Democracy? In 2005, UN World Summit declared democracy as a universal value, which does not belong to any region or country. In fact, it is based on freely expressed will of people to determine their own political, economic, social, and cultural systems (UN, 2005, p.31). Different democracies share different features in that the government puts people’s interests as a first priority but there is no single model of democracy. Every parliament should be a democratic institution because it is an elected body. Therefore, parliamentarians should endeavor to represents the society and its interests as much as possible. Democracy calls parliamentarians to reconcile conflicting interests of different groups in the diverse communities they represent through dialogue and compromise. In addition, they have the task of adapting society laws to changing needs and circumstances, accounting their actions in full to the public (Beetham, 2006, p. 2). Democracy also entails an inclusion of women, disabled and other minority groups interests that the parliament represents. The fact that only a certain percentage of the British Parliament members are elected in office by the public lessens democracy. Ways of Solving Democratic problems in the UK Change the Electoral Process Elections are held every five years after parliament is dissolved through Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011. Elections vote in 650 members of the House of Commons who oversee the actions of the government. â€Å"First past the post† used to vote in the House of Common members denies citizens the basic democratic rights of votes of equal value. In this system, votes do not carry the same value (â€Å"UK Parliament,† N.d,

Patient Safety and Quality Essay Example for Free

Patient Safety and Quality Essay The nurse involved with the caring for this family needs to be open to facts of the situation at hand by realizing that it is going to be a period of stress on Susie. At the same time, the goal is to make sure that Susie prioritizes her daily activities which will involve all three of caring for her children, taking in the additional demands of assisting her mother and promoting her health, and of course making sure her career is also focused on. As it is, Susie is overwhelmed and the nurse will need to help the family overcome any additional stress points as well as the specific illness related to her mother and so the nurse will prioritize as well. Since Susie seems to manage the household, the nurse will need to make her the key point of contact with the steps involved with making sure the family stays healthy during this period of additional anxiety. As it has happened now with her mother coming in to the family, she will need to adapt to a new lifestyle that has new demands of caretaking as described in the family structural theory. Family structural theory is a theory where a family is an open and social cultural system, which reacts and adapts to the demands placed (Grand Canyon University). This theory would be best applied by the nurse recognizing the rules and roles the family currently has and how they will need to change to encourage health promotion. Developmental stages give opportunities to family members to realize their potential (Edelman Mandle, 2010). With the children also being a priority to take care, Stage four of the Family Developmental Theory will be applied. Perhaps the nurse will need to better understand through Susie what the latter’s keys to success have been from Stage 1-3 to better help take care of the kids through this. Through these types of conversations, the nurse can help promote health throughout their family by better understanding how the cope with particular situations and helping apply new methods of care. Health promotion can best be accomplished when the nurse focuses on Susie first and then the rest of the family so that Susie can also take care of the family. Health education includes all family members, with learning activities according to each individual. General teaching goal will be same but the approaches and specific goals will be different for each family member. A nurse will have to provide different teaching to each family member. To promote health for Mrs. Jones, nurse can make a plan explaining how Mrs. Jones need to function at her highest level of capacity physically, psychologically, culturally, and spiritually. To promote Susie’s health, nurse will have to educate her on social roles, financial and occupational responsibilities, and reassessing life goals. School aged children health can be promoted by educating on staying away from harmful and unsafe environments such as drug and alcohol abuse. Also, allowing school aged children participate in family conversations and allowing them to speak increases their self-esteem which can be beneficial to Susie to decrease stress. References Edelman, C., Mandle, C. L. (2010). Health promotion throughout the life span (7th ed.). St. Louis: Mosby. â€Å"The Form and Function of The Family.† (2011). Grand Canyon Universtiy, Phoenix, AZ.

student :: essays research papers

Simple Machines   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A windmill is a machine that uses the wind to turn a wheel of adjustable vanes, slats or sails. As the wheel turns, it turns a shaft, wheels, and gears that power machinery. It is more properly called a â€Å"wind pump,† but most people call it a â€Å"windmill.† Windmills have been used for hundred of years to power machinery used to grind grain such as wheat and corn. Today we also have windmills, called â€Å"wind turbines,† that generate electricity.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   All machines are a combination of several simple machines or modifications of one. A simple machine is one that is moved by just one force. The six types of simple machines are the lever, the wheel and axle, the pulley, the inclined plane, the wedge, and the screw. A lever is a long plank, beam or bar that is used to move heavy loads. Examples of a lever are seesaws, scissors, broom, tweezers, and ice-tongs. A wheel is a cylindrical object that rotates about axis of the cylinder. Wheels are on cars and trains. Some wheels turn other wheels, like geared wheels on a bicycle or a clock. Some wheels turn together like the doorknobs, or the knobs on a televisions. A pulley is a grooved wheel. A rope is fitted into the grove and turns the wheel when pulled. An inclined plane is a very simple machine. It has a sloping surface that makes it easier to pull, push, or roll heavy objects. Examples are wheelchair ramps or a stairway. The screw is an inclined plane wound at its edge on a cylinder or cone. Examples of a screw includes faucets,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Saizan 2 screw-in bulbs, and screw-on bottle tops. The wedge is essentially an inclined plane such as knives, blades, nails, needles, pins, wood and axes.

Nintendo Case

1. What factors do you think enabled Sega to break Nintendo’s near monopoly of the U. S. video game console market in the late 1980s? There are a few different factors that allowed Sega to break Nintendo’s near monopoly of the U. S. video game console market. First, the introduction of a 16-bit system was huge. This was double the original 8-bit systems that were out and consumers were anxious to try it because of the enhanced graphics.Second, Sega made their new system backward compatible with its 8-big Master System games meaning that anyone who already owned these games could play them on the new system as well as any of the new games that were released. Sega also produced their games in-house which saved money. They focused their attention on increasing unit sales to drive game sales instead of focusing on making a large profit on consoles.The combination of in-house games and less focus on consoles allowed them to have over four times the amount of games as Nintend o by the end of 1991 and people ultimately flocked to where the games where. 2. Why did Nintendo choose to not make its video game consoles backward compatible? What were the advantages and disadvantages of this strategy? Nintendo chose to not make its video game consoles backward compatible because this meant that consumers would have to spend money on a new console as well as new games and thus create more revenue.The advantages to this were that they could possibly make a lot more money because of the necessity to sell new games with new systems. The disadvantages is that many people were not interested in having to spend extra money on new games if they were able to purchase a new Sega console that allowed them to use old games as well as new ones. This lead to Sega’s ability to surpass Nintendo in sales. 3. What strengths and weaknesses did Sony have when it entered the video game market in 1995?When Sony entered the video game market in 1995, it was one of the first 32- bit systems, and it had a decent amount of developer support. Although Sony did not have much of an image in the video game market, they did have a huge brand loyalty in other consumer electronics making it fairly easy to gain a following. Because of their previous success in the electronic market, many developers were excited to jump on the bandwagon to develop games for Sony which enabled them to have 800 game titles by the end of 2000. 4.What strengths and weaknesses did Microsoft have when it entered the video game market in 2001? When Microsoft entered the video game market in 2001, they had the advantage of already having some experience in the online gaming world because of the line of PC-based computer games they had already produced. One downfall they did face however was a lack of experience in the arcade environment that Sega and Nintendo both had by this point. A major strength that the Xbox focused on was having more power than the PlayStation2 by offering more memory a nd a faster processor.One other huge advantage that Microsoft had was the price point they offered the Xbox at originally. They marketed it at $299 which was significantly less than its actual production costs, and also less than competitor’s consoles. They also had the advantage of being able to spend $500 million on advertising which is more than they had ever spent on any advertising campaign, and more than other companies of its type could spend. Lastly, they planned to produce 30-40 percent of their games in-house to save on licensing and external costs.5. Comparing the deployment strategies used by the firms in each of the generations, can you identify any timing, licensing, pricing, marketing, or distribution strategies that appear to have influenced firms’ success and failure in the video game industry? Atari took numerous measures to make sure that only authorized games could be played on their consoles which were a main reason for their huge success. Nintendo and Sega spent $15 million in advertising and promoting the new systems.Nintendo made games for in-house systems as well as licensed third-party developers through strict licensing policies, and they also restricted the volume and pricing of the consoles which made the company very profitable. Sega mainly produced games in-house which allowed them to drive game sales and software developer royalties, pushing them ahead of Nintendo. Philips introduced the most expensive console to date starting at $799 which ultimately hurt their sales. They had to decrease the price to under $500, but it was too late. They would not disclose technical information about their system making software development difficult.Because of these strategies they did not last long on the market. When Sony entered the market, they entered relying on their brand image to support them and getting support from numerous game developers. Later, Sega launched the Dreamcast around the same time that Sony launched the PlayStation2. Sega got a head start on sales by launching around the holidays, but still did not hit high sales because of the price point. Even though they ended up dropping the price, Sony’s launch of the PlayStation2 only a few months later crushed any hope for the Dreamcast due to its 128-bit system as opposed to the traditional 32-bit.Nintendo decided to wait on the release of their 128-bit system because they did not offer a backward compatible system like Sony and did not want PlayStation2 sales to hurt the release of the GameCube. Although they targeted different demographics, they wanted to be sure the launch was successful. Microsoft was also launching the Xbox around the same time. They chose to launch it at an extremely low price point that was actually below the cost of production to make sure it hit the market hard. They also chose to launch around the holiday season to get as many initial sales as possible.

What Do You See as Some of the Crucial Roles of Informal Language in Contemporary Australia?

Informal language has a variety of functions in Australian society. What do you see as some of the crucial roles of informal language in contemporary Australia? Informal language has a variety of functions in Australian society. The main function of informal language has to do with Australia’s culture. Slang and informal language gives a sense of belonging, pride, mateship, informality and laid-backness, which is an accurate description of a typical Australian. In Australian society slang is a common feature of spoken and written conversation. The expletive bloody is very common in Australian language. Bloody is quite typical of Australian language that it can be used as a hyphen in many various words and phrases, for example â€Å"fan-bloody-tastic†. The suffix on the end of bloody is another feature worth noting as it does emphasise the Australian accent. Bloody has now become an important indicator of Australianness and of cultural values such as friendliness, informality, laid-backness, and mateship (Kate Burridge, Gift of the Gob, ABC Books 2012). The word mate, which is another way of saying friend, is typical Australian slang and it is mainly used in an informal context. The word mate suggests openness, at least to a relationship of equals (Richard Castles, The Big Issue 4-17 November 2008). The openness created from using the word mate is a positive face feature possibly leading to build rapport. There are right and wrong times to use slang and with the word mate for example, calling a woman mate runs the risk of offence, as it's an ambiguous word and in a formal situation like a job interview, using the word mate especially referring to if it is your boss, is not something that is acceptable depending on the relationship with the person.

Bin Ladens 1996 Declaration of War on the U.S.

Bin Ladens 1996 Declaration of War on the U.S. On August 23, 1996, Osama bin Laden signed and issued the Declaration of Jihad Against the Americans Occupying the Land of the Two Holy Mosques, meaning Saudi Arabia. It was the first of two explicit declarations of war against the United States. The declaration summed up bin Ladens belief, categorical and uncompromising, that there is nothing more imperative, after faith, than to repel the aggressor who corrupts religion and life, unconditionally, as far as possible. In that line was the seed of bin Ladens stance that even the killing of innocent civilians was justified in defense of the faith. American forces were encamped in Saudi Arabia since 1990 when Operation Desert Shield became the first step in the war to oust Saddam Husseins army from Kuwait. Abiding by extreme interpretations of Islam that the overwhelming majority of Muslim clerics around the world reject, bin Laden considered the presence of foreign troops on Saudi soil an affront to Islam. He had, in 1990, approached the Saudi government and offered to organize his own campaign to oust Saddam Hussein from Kuwait. The government politely rebuffed the offer. Until 1996, bin Laden, at least in the Western press, was an obscure figure occasionally referred to as a Saudi financier and militant. He was blamed for two bombings in Saudi Arabia in the previous eight months, including a bombing in Dhahran that killed 19 Americans. Bin Laden denied involvement. He was also known as one of the sons of Mohammed bin Laden, the developer and founder of the Bin laden Group and one of the richest men in Saudi Arabia outside the royal family. The bin Laden Group is still Saudi Arabias leading construction firm. By 1996, bin laden had been expelled from Saudi Arabia, his Saudi passport having been revoked in 1994, and expelled from Sudan, where he had established terrorist training camps and various legitimate businesses. He was welcomed by the Taliban in Afghanistan, but not exclusively out of the goodness of Mullah Omar, the Taliban leader. To maintain good graces with the Taliban, Steve Coll writes in The bin Ladens, a history of the bin Laden clan (V iking Press, 2008), Osama had to raise about $20 million per year for training camps, weapons, salaries, and subsidies for the families of volunteers. [...] Some of these budgets overlapped with business and construction projects Osama engaged in to please Mullah Omar. Yet bin Laden felt isolated in Afghanistan, marginalized and irrelevant. The declaration of jihad was the first of two explicit declarations of war against the United States. Fund-raising may very well have been part of the motive: by raising his profile, bin Laden was also drawing more interest from the sympathetic charities and individuals underwriting his efforts in Afghanistan. The second declaration of war was to be delivered in February 1998 and would include the West and Israel, giving certain donors even more incentive to contribute to the cause. By declaring war on the United States from a cave in Afghanistan, wrote Lawrence Wright in The Looming Tower, bin Laden assumed the role of an uncorrupted, indomitable primitive standing against the awesome power of the secular, scientific, technological Goliath; he was fighting modernity itself. It did not matter that bin Laden, the construction magnate, had built the cave using heavy machinery and that he had proceeded to outfit it with computers and advanced communications devices. The stance of the primitive was appealingly potent, especially to people who had been let down by modernity; however, the mind that understood such symbolism, and how it could be manipulated, was sophisticated and modern in the extreme. Bin Laden issued the 1996 declaration from the southern mountains of Afghanistan. It appeared on Aug. 31 in al Quds, a newspaper published in London. The response from the Clinton administration was close to indifferent. American forces in Saudi Arabia had been on a higher state of alert since the bombings, but bin Ladens threats changed nothing. Read the Text of bin Ladens 1996 Jihad Declaration

Can employers determine your social class by looking at your resume

Can employers determine your social class by looking at your resume This is a strange question, and one you may not have ever asked yourself when submitting a resume to prospective employers. Sure, you assume employers will size you up based on experience and college education. However, recent research has come out that suggests there is an additional factor that comes into play when employers are navigating through resumes: social class. You might ask how employers can find out about something that isn’t explicitly mentioned on a resume. Lauren Rivera, Professor at the Kellogg School of Management and contributor to Harvard Business Review, set out to answer this exact question. She analyzed  the country’s top law firms and came to a hypothesis: Everything else being held equal, people from elite backgrounds are more likely to get interviews than their less privileged counterparts. Every year, thousands of students apply for internships at these law firms. Their resumes are virtually equal. They have a good GPAs, great experience, an d are on law review. Who gets the interview? That’s where Lauren’s research gets interesting.Despite the fact that we would like to think people earn opportunities based on their own merit and hard work, it appears this isn’t always the case. Based on prior research in the December  2016 issue of American Sociology Review, Lauren found that hiring in top professional services is indeed skewed towards higher class candidates. She conducted a field experiment using the resume audit method, which involves assigning different criteria to resumes and sending them out to employers to see the probability of the candidate being called back for an interview.The question you may be asking is a good one: how do you identify social class on a resume? The answer is via extracurricular activities. Here is a breakdown of Lauren’s resume items that she used in this field test:Can you identify which student is from a wealthier social class? Obviously, sailing, polo, and classical music are indicators of someone who has enjoyed a more privileged upbringing, whereas someone who is on track and field is less likely to be of that background. The important thing to note here is that all educational and work-related components are virtually the same. The candidates are equally qualified.This is where the results get interesting.  Lauren found that employers highly favored higher-class men compared to the 3 other groups (higher-class women, lower-class women, lower-class men). Why did this happen? To explore the issue further, Lauren and her team conducted a follow-up experiment where they interviewed 210 additional attorneys from around the country, asking each attorney to evaluate the same resumes they used in their experiment. The results showed that they favored interviewing higher-class men above all other candidates.The interesting thing about this follow-up study is that Lauren and her team were able to find out why. The attorneys saw higher-cla ss candidates of either gender as being bitter fits for the culture and clientele of large law firms. Interestingly enough, even though higher-class women were seen as good fits, they were rejected because the attorneys believed they would be the least committed to the job of any group. They cited family as being the primary reason a higher-class woman would ditch the job. Overall, the attorneys just didn’t want to take the risk.These findings tell us that despite our national myth of â€Å"hard work pays off,† there are additional factors that come into play. The social class people grow up in can greatly determine what kind of jobs and salaries they are able to obtain. While there is no simple solution to inherent bias favoring affluent men, steps can be taken to mitigate the bias as much as possible. Getting rid of the requirement to list extracurriculars and reducing names to initials are just a few of the important first steps that could make a huge difference whe n resumes are being screened- and could eventually give everyone a truly equal opportunity.

Health organization case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Health organization case study - Essay Example The growth of the network may be attributed to dedicated workforce, excellent facilities, and a purposeful mission statement that drives towards providing high quality healthcare services that enhance people’s lives positively. Indeed, the network prides of having one of the largest hospitals in the US, the Banner Good Samaritan Hospital in Phoenix, Arizona, which also serves as the network’s headquarters. Moreover, the Banner Good Samaritan Hospital boasts of being a leader in a number of health services and treatments programs, including diabetes, heart care and surgery, and gynecology. Nevertheless, the network enjoys diversity not only in its workforce, but also in the clients it serves, especially considering that, different states have different demographic compositions. Care Management Banner Health values and takes cognizance of the importance of quality of service and patient satisfaction, as the drivers for excellent performance. In this regard, the network ha s put in place mechanisms to ensure its workforce deliver services with minimal or zero patient errors, as well as enhancing safety of both employees and patients in its facilities. In addition to improvement of quality, Banner Health has prioritized on cost control through elaborate management practices, care coordination and performance enhancement. Moreover, Banner Health promotes cross-facility harmonization through a system that ensures sharing of knowledge and information, as well as intergration of activities across the network. The success of this harmonization is evident from the fact that, medical services that patients receive in different Banner facilities are not only of high quality and timely, but they are also uniform across the system. In addition, sharing of knowledge allows healthcare professionals across the network to develop skills that will enhance their service delivery. However, due to diversity, Banner Health promotes functional teams and work groups that c ooperate in establishing and developing policy applicable in all facilities, but giving each facility the discretion to implement such policies. All these functions are enhanced though a dedicated team of professionals and leaders as well as an elaborate technology system that enhances communication across all facilities. Despite operating as not-for-profit organization, Banner Health has managed to be efficient in its operation, making it one of the best health care providers. Indeed, the organization was recognized earlier in year 2013 for excellence in quality, patient care and efficiency by a Truven Health Analysis survey (Banner Health Website, 2013). More specifically, Banner Health scored admirably in its ability to â€Å"save lives and causing fewer patient complications, compliance with industry-recommended standards, making fewer patient errors, releasing patients half a day sooner and patient satisfaction† (Banner Health Website, 2013). In order to enhance quality, the organization invests heavily in innovation as well as in performance management. Primarily, Banner Health collects data from all its facilities and then analyzes such data to measure the level of performance in comparison to predetermined goals and national standards. This allows the organization to identify any gaps that need improvement. Use of technology at Banner Health Banner Health has recognized the importance of technology in today’s health care environment. This aims at ensuring that services are provided with the

ETH501, Business Ethics, Mod 1 Session Long Project Essay

ETH501, Business Ethics, Mod 1 Session Long Project - Essay Example According to them, the company was following â€Å"glass ceiling† policy where the minorities were no allowed to get ahead in their careers. In simple words, The Coca-Cola Company was giving preferential treatments to whites in the company. This issue was a small issue as only four people complained about the mistreatment of The Coca-Cola Company towards its employees. A deontological framework believes that actions are judged by the motives of any action. If the motives behind certain actions are wrong, but it leads to a good outcome, despite that the action will remain a bad action and vice versa. In simple words, it is the motive behind the action that makes it right or wrong and not the outcome. Since, the motive of the company was not promote the blacks and they are practicing discrimination, the action is wrong, not matter if there are good outcomes associated with the action (Although good outcomes are not possible in this case, but let’s assume it for the sake of our understanding). Therefore, one can clearly say that The Coca-Cola company cannot justify this problem from Deontological ethical frameworks because as it appears that the motives of the company are wrong by giving discriminatory treatment to African-Americans and other minorities working in the company. Similarly, let’s analyze the case from utilitarian framework to decide whether The Coca-Cola Company should be doing what it is or should it adopt a different policy. The Coca-Cola Company by adopting a policy of a racial bias is not letting the right talent to get ahead in his career. This situation has more harms than merits. For example, when a person is promoted on the basis of his race and not on the basis of merit, it is more often the case that his productivity is low. This low productivity would lead to low output available for consumption for the society. It will also mean

Giovanni pierluigi de Palestrina Research Paper

Giovanni pierluigi de Palestrina - Research Paper Example Sante was his family name (Pyne, 2008). Palestrina dedicated much of his time and effort to teaching, and was basically the founding father of Rome’s Italian school of composition. Perhaps the credit should be given to Goudimel, Palestrina’s teacher, though in the past the aged Roman school is strongly associated with the name of Palestrina (Ferris, 2008). This research paper discusses the life and works of one of the greatest composers in the history of music, Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina. There are very few available historical documents that recount the childhood of Palestrina, but by 1537 he became a choirboy in Rome. He returned to Palestrina in 1544 and became an organist and choirmaster in the town’s church. The previous bishop of Palestrina, Pope Julius III, chose Palestrina to be the chapel master in St. Peter’s in 1511 (Tapper & Goetschius, 2001). The first known work of Palestrina was a compilation of four masses in 1554. These proved the skill of Palestrina in polyphony and counterpoint, and gained his status as the leading composer of holy songs in Rome (Tapper & Goetschius, 2001). However, Pope Paul IV felt obliged to discharge Palestrina from the convention, primarily because Palestrina was married. Nevertheless, he still became St. John’s chapel master; he also became the chapel master at Santa Maria Maggiore in 1561; and he was at last placed back in his previous post at the Vatican in 1571 (Sarti, 2009). Palestrina passed away in 1594. The music of Palestrina should be analyzed within the framework of the catholic reformation happening during his composition days. Before Palestrina, songs used in churches had a tendency to wander away from the religious doctrine that it was founded upon; it usually espouses its own ideals, more for amusement than encouragement. The Council of Trent even tried to get rid of music from religious practice on the whole, until the recital of Missa Papae Marcelli in

Types Of Peace Support Operations And Characteristics International Law Essay

Types Of Peace Support Operations And Characteristics International Law Essay Introduction The Norwegian Defence doctrine from 2007, Forsvarets Fellesoperative doktrine and the UN Prinsiples and Guidelines from 2008 (Capstone doctrine) devides peace support operations (PSO) into five various types; conflict prevention or preventive diplomacy, peacemaking, peacekeeping, peace-enforcement and peace building. These are the most important tools UN and other international organisations have to reach their coal of international peace and security. Types of peace support operations and characteristics The distinction between these categories is often unclear. Conflict prevention or preventive diplomacy is measures with the aim to avoid intra-state or inter-state disputes and conflicts, prevent tension and conflicts from escalating into violent conflict and to limit the ongoing conflict from spreading. This should be based on an early warning, information gathering and also on analysis of the factors driving the conflict. Conflict prevention ranges from diplomatic initiatives, confidence-building measures to the preventive deployment of troops. Peacemaking includes the range of diplomatic actions aimed at establishing a peaceful settlement once conflict is in progress or has resumed. Good offices may be used to facilitate the resolution of the conflict. Peacemakers may also be envoys, governments, groups of states, regional organizations or the United Nations. Peacemaking efforts may also be under-taken by unofficial and non-governmental groups, or by a prominent personality working independently. Peacekeeping is a technique designed to preserve the peace where fighting has come to an end, and the parties involved have reached an agreement. The UN or other international organisations role will be to assist in implementing agreements achieved by the peacemakers. The primary military model was to observe cease-fires and to separate the forces after inter-state wars. Today peace keeping involves many elements like military, police and civilian organisations working together trying to make the foundations for sustainable peace. Peace building is generally seen as those activities designed to strengthen the durability of a stable peace by identifying and supporting structures that will prevent a peace settlement in to relapsing in to conflict. The peace settlement is agreed by the parties involved. Peacebuilding works by addressing the deep-rooted, structural causes of violent conflict in a comprehensive manner. Peacebuilding measures address core issues that effect the functioning of society and the State, and seek to enhance the capacity of the State to effectively and legitimately carry out its core functions. Peace enforcement is the only category in PSO defined under chapter VII of the UN Charter as using military means to restore peace in an area of conflict. The other categories are under chapter VI in the UN charter. Peace enforcement involves a range of measures, including the use of military force. The aim of these measures is to restore international peace and security in situations where there is a threat to the peace, breach of the peace or act of aggression. These operations may be conducted by regional organizations and agencies under the authorisation of the UN. Factors decisive for the choice of operation It is necessary to look into the peace keeping history to fully understand the factors that are decisive for the choice of operations. The concept of peacekeeping has been an evolving one. Peacekeeping has not been mentioned in the UN Charter. In other words, there is no specific provision for peacekeeping in the United Nations Charter. It is normally described as falling between Chapter VI and VII. Dag Hammarskjà ¶ld referred to peacekeeping operations as Chapter 6 ½ initiatives. Early peacekeeping in the 1950s focused on preventing open violence and monitoring ceasefire and status quo and demilitarization and policing. One of them being United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF 1) deployed to the Suez crisis after the British and French troops invaded Egypt. This was what constituted traditional or classical peacekeeping, and where the three basic principles of peacekeeping where formed, namely, consent, impartiality and self-defence. After the end of the Cold War, new forms of peacekeeping came into operation in response to significant changes and challenges on the ground. The concept of peacekeeping expanded into new terminology in the peace process, and peace support operations were used to describe the new concept. In the 1990`s peacekeeping went beyond traditional peacekeeping and in to what is often called second generation peace keeping. The new conflicts where characterized by the collapse of states, and the conflict became intra-states. The PSO missions in this period where demobilization of troops like armed para-militias and irregulars; promotion of national reconciliation, restoration of effective governments, the organization and monitoring of elections, provisions of a broader support to humanitarian aid missions including protection of safe areas and escort of relief convoys. From the mid 1990`s the peacekeeping missions became multifunctional. These missions where executed after violent intrastate conflicts and consisted of both military and civilian assets in support of implementing the peace agreement. From late 1990 the missions are said to be multi dimensional, which means that they cover tasks and responsibilities beyond those associated with traditional peacekeeping such as protection of civilian. The UN has increasingly focused on the need to involve regional organizations. As stated above, peace keeping operations is not mentioned in the UN charter. This, together with the veracity of missions and mandates from traditional peace keeping in the 1950`s to todays complex multi dimensional operations makes peacekeeping ad-hoc, and it must be seen as a flexible technique where the purpose and mode of operating is depending on the conflict and the nature of the conflict. Today UN missions are in reality a mixture of many of the various types of peace support operations. But some principles distinguish them from each other. First of all, peace enforcement (PE) is the only type of PSO categorized under chapter VII in the UN charter and this give the mandate to using military means to restore peace in an area of conflict. This can be given in a conflict where it is necessary to create peace. An example is Desert Storm where the UN gave the mandate to a US led coalition. Conflict prevention, peacemaking, peacekeeping and peace building is under chapter VI. Conflict prevention is used to prevent conflicts to escalating and factors decisive for this operation is that the parties involved are interesting in trying to archive a peaceful settlement. Peacekeeping is the technique used if there is a peace to preserve and the involving parties give their consent to having a observation force to monitor the cease-fire. Peacemaking can be used where the state has colapsed and there are several fractions trying to achive power. This peace makers tasks would then be to identify the players and try to make a peaceful solution. This could be achived by diplomatic solutions only or togheter with military assets to assist in law and order and to put pressure to the involving parties. If peacemaking has succeeded peace building could be used as a tool to rebuild or build the state. Conclusion This essay had the aim to describe the various types of peace support operations and try to give a brief information of the factors decisive for the choice of mode of operation. The conclusion is that todays UN missions are in reality a mixture of many various types of peace support operations and which tool to use or mode of operation is depending on the nature of the conflict that the international organisations are trying to support.

Hitlers Rise To Power :: Papers

Hitler's Rise To Power Hitler was said to be obsessed with war and was probably the cause of Destruction during his leadership. Hitler At a young age read about war at a young age when flicking through his fathers old books and found a book on the between the German's and the French in 1870-71 on school Was doing quite poorly and was using art as an excuse to drop out of school. Adolf Hitler as a young boy always rebellious against his father, And later tried to gain entry into an arts school in Vienna but failed the entries test twice. Then decided to join and fight for his country in the war, after two months of training they were sent to fight in Ypres and escaped death several times, which later on lead to him acquiring two iron crosses for bravery, which he later on calls himself the "man of god". With the loss of the war, the German monarchy came to an end and a republic was proclaimed. A constitution was written providing for a President with broad political and military power and a parliamentary democracy. A national election was held to elect 423 deputies to the National Assembly. The centrist parties swept to victory. The result was what is known as the Weimar Republic. On June 28, 1919, the German government ratified the Treaty of Versailles. Under the terms of the treaty which ended hostilities in the War, Germany had to pay reparations for all civilian damages caused by the war. Germany also lost her colonies and large portions of German territory. A 30-mile strip on the right bank of the Rhine was demilitarised. Limits were placed on German armaments and military strength. The terms of the treaty were humiliating to most Germans, and condemnation of its terms undermined the government and served, as a rallying cry for those who Hitler believed was destined for Germany's greatness. Once released from prison, Hitler decided to seize power constitutionally rather than by force of arms.

Good and Service Experience

Model and explain the Servuction Model as a service encounter framework. Relevance for fast food market and what is the role of customer B in the model? The Service encounter is defined as a period of time during which a consumer directly interacts with a service. Service encounters occur where it is necessary for consumer and producer to meet in order for the former to receive the benefits that the latter has the resources to provide. This definition includes all aspects of the service firm with which a consumer may interact, including its personnel and hysical assets.Servuction concentrates on consumers' perceptions of the service encounter. The Servuction model is a simple but powerful model that illustrates factors influencing the service experience of a customer when enjoying a service. It concentrates on consumers' perceptions of the service encounter. The framework, developed by Eigher and Langeard emphasizes experiential aspects of service consumption and is based on the idea of organizations providing consumers with complex bundles of benefits.The elements of the service experience are divided into wo parts- visible and invisible. The visible part consists of the inanimate environment within which the service experience occurs, the service providers or contact personnel who interact with the consumer during the service experience. The visible part of the organization is is supported by the invisible part, comprising the support infrastructure, which enable the visible part of the organization to function. The invisible part refers to the rules, regulations and processes upon which the organization is based.Although they are invisible to customers they have very rofound effect on the consumers service experience. The model is completed by the introduction of other customers, with whom each consumer may interact within the system. This is important because the actions of fellow consumers can contribute greatly to the overall encounter. Everyone and every thing that comes into contact with the consumer is effectively delivering the service. There is often large number of contacts between the service provider and the customers which makes it difficult in identifying the servuction system.Only consumers can define the service encounter hat matters to them and essentially create their own bundle of benefits from the contributory elements of the service offer. Therefore the service encounter is defined by customers , rather than producer-led definitions. Relevance for fast-food market: The servuction model for a fast-food market is used for understanding consumer experiences: consisting of visible service, contact personnel , other customers and home delivery and Wi-fl connection free for customer. The contact personnel of the fast-food market would include a waiter/ branch manager, counter employees and a ecurity guard.The other customers would be customer B. The invisible organization and systems could be a very fast delivery within 5 minutes, a good setup with approximately 10 staff and a good music system in the restaurant. Role of Customer B: Customer B represents all other customers who are part of customer A's experience. Consumption of service are â€Å"shared experience† because it often occurs in the presence of other customers. As in the case with the other visible components of the Servuction model, other customers can impact customer A's experience.

Reasons of Accidents and the Ways of Reducing Accidents

CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 1. Definition of Total Quality Management (TQM) There are numerous, widespread, diverse and often fashionable initiatives that potentially help manufacturing organisations in implementing various best practices in operations management. Examples of these initiatives include total productive maintenance (TPM), total quality management (TQM), Kanban, 5S, six sigma, Kaizen and business process re-engineering (BPR) (Ashutosh Tiwari, 2007).These criteria is a success stories to implement in this initiatives and make everything is going well. Critical factor in the success of operations management projects is a fast but comprehensive analysis of the current practices or structure in the company (Ashutosh Tiwari, 2007). Table 2: Definition of Japanese Terms. Initiative |Core Ideas | |5S |Organisation and housekeeping (Hirano, 1996) | |TPM |Continuous improvement of equipment and processes (Campbell, 1995) | |TQM |Right first time (Oakland, 2003) | |Six sigma |Sy stematic and continuous improvement (Pande, 2001) | |JIT (Kanban) |Remove inventory buffers that prevent learning (Ono, 1988) | |Kaizen |Cost reduction through the elimination of waste (Imai, 1986) | |BPR |Reduction of complexity of workflow (Hammer, 2001) | Total Quality Management (TQM) has been accepted as a disciplined management process in industry in order to cope with the changes in marketplace and to focus on quality in both their products as well as their services (Venkatraman, 2007). While applying TQM philosophy to their organisations, some managers think that quality is driven by internal productivity programs or participative management programs which may deviate from their core business and customer focus resulting in cost overruns. But this is wrong perception by managers because with TQM all the process and product quality increasing and achieve â€Å"zero defect† purpose.However, quality cannot be inspected into an individual unit of the product after it has been made. The practice of inspecting products after they are made has, therefore, been replaced rapidly by the broader view that quality must be built into a product, from the design stage through all subsequent stages of manufacture and assembly. Because products are made by using several manufacturing processes, each of which can have significant variations in its performance even within a short period of time, the control of processes is a critical factor in product quality. Thus the objective should be to control processes not products. Quality has various meanings attached and the focus varies from one educational setting to another.Among the various elements of TQM, customer focus, process orientation and continuous improvements are the most common philosophies that have direct implications for teaching and learning in higher education (Venkatraman, 2007). The general definition of total quality management (TQM) as a philosophy that would enable an organisation consistently t o meet the needs of customers is accepted worldwide by manufacturing executives as a strategic concept for organisational survival. However, reaching the TQM destination is a continuing challenge for manufacturing executives (Nwabueze, An Industry Betrayed: the case of total quality management in manufacturing, 2011).Deming notes that everyone in the organisation from top to bottom, from office to technical services, from headquarters to local sites must be involved. He further suggested that people are the source of ideas and innovation, therefore, their expertise, experience, knowledge and sense of duty have to be harnessed to the benefit of the organisation (Nwabueze, An Industry Betrayed: the case of total quality management in manufacturing, 2011). Total quality management (TQM) principles and techniques are now a well accepted part of almost every manager's â€Å"tool kit’’ (Dow, 1999). Quality is to satisfy customers' requirements continuously; total quality is to achieve quality at low cost and TQM is to obtain total quality by involving everyone's daily commitment (W. H. Ip, 1999).Henderson gives a definition on TQM to include (Henderson, 1992): a) Total means: everyone in every function within the company accepts responsibility for the quality of his own output; b) Quality means: conformance to agreed customer requirements; and c) Management means: for any major business strategy, it is management led but with a strong involvement of employees. TQM has been described as a new model of thinking in business management, a comprehensive style to improve organizational performance and quality an alternative to the â€Å"management by control† and more recently, as a change of paradigm (Fco. Javier Llore? ns Montes, 2003).TQM is one of the numerous forms of management models or concepts that emerged and took form during the 1980s and 1990s, maybe even the most commonly used concept during this period. Management concept is not only th e toolkit for â€Å"trouble shooting† and improving organisation efficiency, but can also be seen as a symbol giving the organisations higher credibility. (Harnesk, 2007) Examination of the applicability of TQM concepts to product and service organisations suggests that there is evidence of greater ease of adoption, and more apparent success, within product based companies than with service based organisations, though there is no reason in principle why this should be so. A service organisation is as much dependant on satisfying its customers as a product company, if not more so.A service organisation such as an airline will be vulnerable to immediate customer dissatisfaction with such inadequacies of performance as lateness of arrival, off-handedness of staff and the disappearance of luggage. (Reavill, 1999) This sortie into the area of marketing mature products brings us back to the points flagged at the beginning of this paper, the small/ medium sized enterprises (SMEs), a nd the newly industrialised countries (NICs). With a mature product, a marketing strategy would be to increase the share of the current market, and to find new markets. (Reavill, New applications for TQM, 1999) There is also other development connected to TQM. TQM is a concept that has traditionally been connected to business life, commercial and industrial organizations for manufacturing and production.However, the domain of TQM is changing, and TQM has been applied also to public issues. Research has been conducted in the area of managing the third sector, such as non-profit organizations (Hudson, 1995; Lyons, 2001; Nutt and Backoff, 1992; Mertens, 1999). Reavill (1999) discusses the current status and possible future of TQM as a major management concept. Consequently, the different views of the evolution of TQM and the different views of the definitions of TQM generate problems both for those practitioners who are applying TQM, and for those theorists who are studying TQM. There are consequences when discussing the effectiveness, use and utility of TQM.The development of TQM implies new definitions, or modifications of existing definitions, for instance, the interpretation of the word customer. (Bjarne Bergquist, 2005) One of the main goals of a business is to stay in business and to be profitable to its owners. Other goals may be that the work environment should be good, that customers are satisfied, that the company has a good reputation and provides jobs. If the business is a loss, the other goals are of little value, as the business will go bankrupt. The big question for companies about to implement new strategies or working methods is thus often â€Å"Will it pay? † This is a difficult question to answer, but some have tried. Bjarne Bergquist, TQM and results as profit in commercial organizations, 2005) When studying the criticism against the use of TQM in the education sector, it seems that it can be divided into at least two different forms an d that the criticism emanates from different perspectives. One of these forms is the criticism of the transfer of concepts from one context to another. One example is the introduction of methods and adaptation to ways of thinking and values that were developed in goods producing companies. Another form of criticism is also connected to the transfer of TQM to a new area, but also based upon an ideological view. In this paper the use of TQM in educational organizations is seen as a part of an economization within the education area. Bjarne Bergquist, TQM in the educational sector, 2005) Increased customer sophistication and the globalization of business activities are forcing business organizations to re-engineer their cultures, operations and systems to support customer-focused and quality-driven competitive business strategies. Manufacturing organizations have successfully deployed total quality management (TQM) practices in support of strategic choices (Spitzer, 1993; Flynn et al. , 1995; Au and Choi, 1999; Tata and Prasad, 1998; Prajogo and Sohal, 2001; Powell, 1995). In this context, however, service organizations are still lagging behind their manufacturing counterparts in terms of their strategic commitment to TQM (Au and Choi, 1999; Dotzour and Lengnick-Hall, 1996; Sohal, 1994; Shortell et al. , 1995).The apparent reluctance of service organizations to utilize TQM based-strategies is alarming, especially in light of the increased significance of the service sector to national and global economies. (Mahmoud M. Yasin, 2004) [pic] Figure 1 A conceptual framework for TQM implementation and benefit in a service operational setting (Mahmoud M. Yasin, 2004) What is quality? There are various well-known definitions of quality. (Crosby, 1979) define quality as â€Å"conformance to requirement† while (Juran, 1980) define quality as â€Å"fitness for use†. Quality as â€Å"a predictable degree of uniformity and dependability at low cost and suited to the market† is more towards quality in operation (Deming, 1986).Many organisations found that the old definition of quality, â€Å"the degree of conformance to a standard†, was too narrow and consequently have started to use a new definition of quality in terms of â€Å"customer focus†. It is reported that many companies had initially concentrated all their efforts on improving internal processes with little or no regard for the relationships between those processes and the organization’s ultimate customers. This failure to include the customer focus had resulted in companies struggling hard to survive and resorting to fire-fighting situations. (Fincher, 1994) describe how quality perspectives have evolved in higher education over the years by going through a shift from experience to technique to style and finally to process.Quality as overall is to achieve customer needs and demand where must start in the beginning process of manufacturing to meet the re quirement and fit with the machine capability to get the quality output and of course should meet the standard of conformance. Quality has a variety of meanings and it range of meanings that will confusing each individual’s perception of quality but the important things is to achieve customer needs and satisfaction. Quality also as a key attribute that customers use to evaluate products and services which has emerged as a vital point of management focus in many parts of the world. The emergence of quality as a top priority in many corporate entities is primarily due to the globalisation of world trade and the competitive pressure brought about by the escalating demands of consumers, who want better products and services (Zairi, 2001).Quality is the increased awareness of senior executives, who have begun recognising that quality is a key strategic issue and an important focus for all levels of the organisation (Crosby P. , 2001). The implication of Dr Weller's action suggest that the chief executive's attitude to TQM must be â€Å"hands on† (Nwabueze, 2001). Because our attitudes greatly influence people around us, management's attitude tells employees what is expected of them and what they can get away with. On the basis of my analysis, a new model of leadership requirements for TQM in healthcare is proposed, can see Figure 1. (Nwabueze, Chief executives  ± hear thyselves: leadership requirements for 5-S/TQM implementation in healthcare, 2001) [pic] Figure 1: Model of leadership requirements for TQM in healthcare. Nwabueze, Chief executives  ± hear thyselves: leadership requirements for 5-S/TQM implementation in healthcare, 2001) Works Cited Ashutosh Tiwari, C. T. (2007). A framework for implementing cost and quality practices within manufacturing. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Managemen , 732. Bjarne Bergquist, M. F. (2005). TQM: terrific quality marvel or tragic quality malpractice? , 311. Bjarne Bergquist, M. F. (2005). TQM and resu lts as profit in commercial organizations. TQM: terrific quality marvel or tragic quality malpractice? , 312. Campbell, J. (1995). Uptime: Strategies for Excellence in Maintenance Management (Step-by-step Approach to TPM Implementation). Productivity Press Inc. , 733. Crosby, P. (2001).Let's Talk Quality: 96 Questions that You Always Wanted to Ask Phil Crosby. 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